Bacterias viables, pero no cultivables: Cuando los patógenos están presentes, pero no son detectados por los análisis convencionales
Viable but Non-Cultivable Bacteria (VBNC): When Pathogens Are Present but Not Detected by Conventional Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i1.308Palabras clave:
seguridad microbiológica, contaminación microbiológica, salud pública, infecciones gastrointestinales, VBNCResumen
Según la OMS, anualmente 600 millones de personas enferman y 420 000 mueren por el consumo de alimentos contaminados; de ellos, 125 000 son niños menores de 5 años. Una fracción de estas cifras, se puede relacionar con la habilidad bacteriana para sobrevivir ante ambientes estresantes, ingresando al estado viable pero no cultivable (VBNC, por sus siglas en inglés), en el que no son detectadas por métodos convencionales. Estos microorganismos afectan a los sectores productivos, provocando pérdidas económicas directas e indirectas, afectando a la salud de las personas expuestas. En este artículo se revisan los esfuerzos por obtener las implicaciones de la existencia de bacterias VBNC en distintas matrices y cómo esta presencia compromete su seguridad microbiológica.
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