Evolución del impacto de las remesas en la calidad de vida y bienestar rural ecuatoriano
Evolution of the impact of remittances on the quality of life and rural well-being in Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i6.5074Palabras clave:
remesas, calidad de vida, bienestar subjetivo, hogares rurales, EcuadorResumen
La investigación analiza la evolución del efecto de las remesas en la calidad de vida y el bienestar subjetivo de los hogares rurales ecuatorianos durante el período 2007–2024. En Ecuador, las remesas han constituido una fuente estable de ingresos, permitiendo mejoras en educación, salud, vivienda y seguridad económica. No obstante, su impacto específico en dimensiones materiales y subjetivas del bienestar rural ha sido poco explorado de manera longitudinal. El estudio se fundamenta en teorías sobre calidad de vida, bienestar subjetivo y flujos de remesas, destacando que estos recursos actúan como mecanismos anticíclicos que fortalecen la resiliencia familiar en contextos rurales. Se aplicó un enfoque metodológico mixto descriptivo, correlacional y longitudinal utilizando bases oficiales del INEC, BCE y Banco Mundial, complementadas con literatura académica reciente. Se emplearon análisis bivariados y un modelo econométrico de regresión múltiple con datos anuales para evaluar el efecto de las remesas sobre un índice compuesto de calidad de vida rural. Los resultados evidencian que las remesas tienen un impacto positivo y significativo en la calidad de vida rural, especialmente en educación, salud, vivienda y estabilidad económica. El modelo econométrico confirma este efecto, aunque también revela que factores macroeconómicos como la inflación y el desempleo reducen el bienestar rural, mientras que el crecimiento del PIB lo potencia. En conclusión, las remesas constituyen un pilar para el bienestar rural ecuatoriano, pero su efecto depende del contexto económico y de políticas públicas que favorezcan su uso productivo y reduzcan vulnerabilidades estructurales.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Luiggi David Coello Veliz, Andy Alexander Faz Campaña, Acxel David Santo Veintimilla, Roxana Jamilet Herrera Zambrano, Bryan Isaac Veloz Herrera
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
