Habilidades cognitivas en la categorización perceptual y espacial de objetos en infantes
Cognitive skills in perceptual and spatial categorization of objects in infants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v7i2.5793Palabras clave:
habilidades cognitivas, categorización perceptual, categorización espacialResumen
En este estudio se establece la relación entre las habilidades para crear categorías básicas y el desarrollo de habilidades más avanzadas en la categorización perceptual de objetos. Se realizó un estudio experimental con 30 infantes saludables, de entre 11 y 18 meses, activos en los Centros de Desarrollo Infantil (CDI) de una ciudad de Colombia que cumplieron los criterios de selección; el tamaño de la muestra se determinó con un nivel de confianza del 85% y un margen de error del 15%. Para el desarrollo del objetivo se propuso el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales con mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). El consentimiento informado fue firmado por los padres. La categorización perceptual se evaluó con métodos de exploración de objetos, contacto secuencial y organización por proximidad. El modelo evaluó la capacidad de predicción de los indicadores a través de la varianza, encontrando valores sustanciales (0.50-0.75) entre el Total de secuencias y Tipo de secuencias ( R2= 0,811) entre Niveles y Habilidades cognitivas (R2 = 0.547). Se desarrollaron habilidades cognitivas por la cantidad de contactos que los infantes realizaron con los objetos, por niveles desarrollaron secuencias simples y crearon relaciones espaciales. Se sugiere que las habilidades categoriales básicas progresan hacia habilidades más avanzadas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Lucy Evelin Pereira Ortiz, Francia Restrepo de Mejía

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