El liderazgo inclusivo como estrategia para retener el talento internacional en las Pymes de Toronto
Inclusive leadership as a strategy to retain international talent in Toronto SMEs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v7i2.5818Palabras clave:
liderazgo inclusivo,, retención de empleados, seguridad psicológica, pertenencia al lugar de trabajo, pymesResumen
Este estudio examina el impacto del liderazgo inclusivo en la retención de empleados en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) de Toronto. El estudio responde a la pregunta de investigación sobre cómo el liderazgo inclusivo afecta a la seguridad psicológica, el sentido de pertenencia al lugar de trabajo y la intención de permanencia entre los trabajadores internacionales. Se utilizó un diseño de encuesta longitudinal de métodos mixtos, que incluyó una encuesta a 25 empleados en tres fases y entrevistas a cuatro directivos. El análisis de los datos se realizó con ayuda de estadísticas descriptivas, análisis de variación porcentual y clústeres k-means. Los resultados revelan un aumento constante en todas las variables, ya que los empleados cambian sus percepciones más negativas por otras más positivas con el tiempo. La investigación concluye que el liderazgo inclusivo tiene un papel importante que desempeñar en la mejora de la retención de los empleados y la experiencia en el lugar de trabajo en las pymes.
Descargas
Citas
Albaram, B. M., & Lim, Y. M. (2023). Conceptualization social influence from the need to belong perspective on psychological needs' satisfaction to share knowledge. Heliyon, 9(2). https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(23)00971-4
Al-Madadha, A., Al-Adwan, A. S., & Falahat, M. (2026). How emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence foster employee engagement and organizational success. Journal of Modelling in Management, 21(2), 734-753. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-02-2025-0064
Atkinson, C., Lupton, B., Kynighou, A., & Antcliff, V. (2022). Small firms, owner managers and (strategic?) human resource management. Human Resource Management Journal, 32(2), 449-469. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1748-8583.12406
City of Toronto. (2025). Toronto employment survey 2025. https://www.toronto.ca/city-government/data-research-maps/toronto-employment-survey/
Dong, R. K., & Li, X. (2024). Psychological safety and psychosocial safety climate in workplace: A bibliometric analysis and systematic review towards a research agenda. Journal of safety research, 91, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2024.08.001
Edmondson, A. C., & Bransby, D. P. (2023). Psychological safety comes of age: Observed themes in an established literature. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 10(1), 55-78. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-055217
Eduzor, N. C. (2024). Leadership styles and organizational performance: Examining the impact of transformational leadership on employee engagement and business success. International Journal of Development, Sustainability and Environmental Management, 4(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10500674
Fyhn, B., Bang, H., Egeland, T., & Schei, V. (2023). Safe among the unsafe: Psychological safety climate strength matters for team performance. Small Group Research, 54(4), 439-473. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01581
Hom, P. W., Lee, T. W., Shaw, J. D., & Hausknecht, J. P. (2017). One hundred years of employee turnover theory and research. Journal of applied psychology, 102(3), 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/apl0000103
Howe, A. S., Lo, J., Jaswal, S., Bani-Fatemi, A., Chattu, V. K., & Nowrouzi-Kia, B. (2023). Engaging employers in apprentice training: focus group insights from small-to-medium-sized employers in Ontario, Canada. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2527. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032527
Kaliannan, M., Darmalinggam, D., Dorasamy, M., & Abraham, M. (2023). Inclusive talent development as a key talent management approach: A systematic literature review. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), 100926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100926
Kampf, C. E., Brandt, C. J., & Kampf, C. G. (2023). Using action research in innovation project management: Building legitimacy and organizational learning in an SME during a merger process. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 16(1), 92–118. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-02-2020-0044
Kiazad, K., Restubog, S. L. D., Hom, P. W., Capezio, A., Holtom, B., & Lee, T. (2024). STEMming the tide: New perspectives on careers and turnover. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 45(3), 335-343. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/job.2780
Kindström, D., Carlborg, P., & Nord, T. (2024). Challenges for growing SMEs: A managerial perspective. Journal of small business management, 62(2), 700-723. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00472778.2022.2082456
Korkmaz, A. V., Van Engen, M. L., Knappert, L., & Schalk, R. (2022). About and beyond leading uniqueness and belongingness: A systematic review of inclusive leadership research. Human Resource Management Review, 32(4), 100894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100894
Kuknor, S. C., & Bhattacharya, S. (2022). Inclusive leadership: New age leadership to foster organizational inclusion. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(9), 771–797. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-07-2019-0132
Lee, J., & Shin, H. (2024). Effects of inclusive leadership on the diversity climate and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Behavioral Sciences, 14(6), 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14060491
Lim, W. M. (2025). What is qualitative research? An overview and guidelines. Australasian marketing journal, 33(2), 199-229. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/14413582241264619
Long, T., & Guo, J. (2023). Moving beyond inclusion to belonging. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(20), 6907. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20206907
Mehrabioun Mohammadi, M., Jalali, A., & Hasani, A. (2022). Success and failure factors in implementing quality management systems in small-and medium-sized enterprises: a mixed-method study. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 39(2), 468-494. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-06-2020-0210
Oh, J., & Chhinzer, N. (2021). Is turnover contagious? The impact of transformational leadership and collective turnover on employee turnover decisions. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 42(7), 1089-1103. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2020-0548
Pahuja, R. (2024). Embracing Diversity: Strategies for Inclusive Workplace Management. The completion of this edited volume," Diversity, Equity & Inclusion, 13. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ravindra-Kushwaha-2/publication/382695668_Diversity_Equity_Inclusion/links/66b603c1299c327096bbfba2/Diversity-Equity-Inclusion.pdf#page=25
Ramalho Luz, C. M. D., Luiz de Paula, S., & de Oliveira, L. M. B. (2018). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and their possible influences on intent to turnover. Revista de Gestão, 25(1), 84-101. https://www.emerald.com/rege/article-pdf/25/1/84/2289741/rege-12-2017-008.pdf
Sent, E. M., & Kroese, A. L. (2022). Commemorating Geert Hofstede, a pioneer in the study of culture and institutions. Journal of Institutional Economics, 18(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1017/S174413742000051X
Showunmi, V., Younas, F., & Gutman, L. M. (2024). Inclusive supervision: Bridging the cultural divide. Encyclopedia, 4(1), 186–200. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia4010016
Umrani, W. A., Bachkirov, A. A., Nawaz, A., Ahmed, U., & Pahi, M. H. (2024). Inclusive leadership, employee performance and well-being: An empirical study. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(2), 231–250. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2023-0159
Wang, W., Kang, S. W., & Choi, S. B. (2022). Servant leadership and creativity: A study of the sequential mediating roles of psychological safety and employee well-being. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 807070. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.807070
Yadav, S., & Lenka, U. (2020). Diversity management: a systematic review. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 39(8), 901-929. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-07-2019-0197
