Perspectivas para la aplicación de la permacultura en los páramos altoandinos
Perspectives on permaculture applications in High Andean Paramos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i2.989Palabras clave:
permacultura, páramo, wallipiniResumen
La permacultura se ha establecido como una alternativa a las prácticas agrícolas actuales, priorizando la activación de las relaciones simbióticas con los elementos bióticos y abióticos que componen al ecosistema para conseguir la armonía con la naturaleza, y los aspectos socio culturales como la participación justa. La permacultura nace como concepto en Australia a mediados de la década de 1970, y a lo largo de los años se ha venido implementado en varios países con diferentes perspectivas, así a más de la agricultura permanente se han incluido complementos como la construcción de ecoaldeas en conjunto con estilos de vida ecológicos, investigaciones de riqueza nutricional y microbiológica, soberanía alimentaria bajo la difusión de dietas propias de los lugares, turismo agroecológico rural y científico, parques comunitarios, jardinería orgánica y otros. Además de ello existen redes de capacitación y certificación de conocimientos, y legislación que promueve la permacultura. En lo que respecta a los ecosistemas fríos, como lo es el páramo, también existen proyectos de permacultura que se adaptan a las condiciones climáticas incorporando tecnología o variando el uso acorde a las estaciones. Es de destacar, la experiencia boliviana, con la construcción de wallipinis, que son invernaderos subterráneos que ha permitido la siembra en alturas de 3500 msnm con temperaturas promedio menores a 10 °C propias del altiplano. Por lo que, a partir de la presente revisión, se concluye que es posible desarrollar proyectos de permacultura en los ecosistemas de páramos altoandinos.
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