Más allá del laboratorio: biomarcadores para transformar la detección y el tratamiento del cáncer con un enfoque social
Beyond the lab: biomarkers to transform cancer detection and treatment with a social approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i1.3534Palabras clave:
biomarcadores, retos, detección, desarrolloResumen
La capacidad de medir o evaluar el pronóstico de una enfermedad y, en consecuencia, orientar el tratamiento es posible gracias al desarrollo de indicadores biológicos, denominados de manera general biomarcadores. Las empresas del área de la salud utilizan ampliamente este tipo de biomoléculas para evaluar la exposición, la eficacia y la seguridad de los fármacos, así como para mejorar el diseño de los ensayos clínicos y la selección de los pacientes. Los biomarcadores también ayudan a evaluar la dosificación y a determinar cuándo acelerar el desarrollo de un fármaco, por lo que representan un área de interés para las empresas biotecnológicas. En este trabajo, revisamos y resumimos el progreso logrado en el desarrollo de biomarcadores en la era postgenómica, con un enfoque en aquellos relacionados con el cáncer. Además, exponemos diversas tecnologías, como Cell-SELEX o el sistema CRISPR-Cas, que hacen más rentable la identificación de estos biomarcadores. Durante el análisis de la información, observamos cómo algunos tipos de cáncer tienen una menor incidencia y, en consecuencia, cuentan con un menor número de estudios y biomarcadores desarrollados.
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