El impacto de la educación en la empleabilidad en Ecuador: Un análisis econométrico basado en datos de la Encuesta Nacional de empleo, desempleo y subempleo
The Impact of Education on Employability in Ecuador: An Econometric Analysis Based on Data from the National Survey of Employment, unemployment, and underemployment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i3.4162Palabras clave:
empleabilidad, educación, mercado laboral, inserción laboralResumen
La Teoría del Capital Humano, destaca a la educación como una inversión clave para aumentar la productividad y empleabilidad. Sin embargo, factores estructurales, como la calidad educativa y la alineación con el mercado, limitan este impacto. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el impacto del nivel educativo en la empleabilidad en Ecuador afecta la inserción en el mercado laboral. La metodología emplea un enfoque cuantitativo basado en datos de la ENEMDU 2023, utilizando un modelo de regresión logística para evaluar cómo variables como años de educación, nivel educativo, género y experiencia laboral influyen en la probabilidad de empleo. Los resultados muestran que la educación superior es un determinante clave de la empleabilidad, aunque años adicionales de educación no siempre garantizan mejores oportunidades laborales debido al desajuste con las necesidades del mercado. Además, la experiencia laboral tiene un impacto positivo significativo, mientras que el género presenta un efecto moderado. El estudio resalta la necesidad de reformas educativas para alinear la oferta con las demandas del mercado, especialmente en sectores estratégicos, y de políticas públicas que reduzcan desigualdades regionales y fomenten la capacitación técnica y profesional.
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