Poder adquisitivo frente a la inflación: Un análisis comparativo entre Ecuador y El Salvador en contextos de dolarización

Purchasing power versus inflation: A comparative analysis between Ecuador and El Salvador in dollarization contexts

Autores/as

  • Maily Betsabe Orellana Baraja Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7365-0532
  • Estefania Gissela Pallo Ushco Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0108-2004
  • Jenniffer Sofia Solorzano Mendoza Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo
  • Cindy Alexandra Solorzano Mendoza Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo
  • Rosa Mayra Llerena Guevara Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0923-4738

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i5.4625

Palabras clave:

poder adquisitivo, inflación, dolarización

Resumen

Las economías dolarizadas, como las de Ecuador y El Salvador, son particularmente interesantes, ya que la adopción de esta moneda limita la posibilidad de llevar a cabo políticas monetarias propias que ayuden a regular los precios y a enfrentar crisis externas. En este contexto, el estudio tiene como objetivo comparar el impacto de la inflación, el PIB per cápita y los precios de importaciones al poder adquisitivo en Ecuador y El Salvador durante el periodo de 2000 a 2023. La investigación adopta un enfoque econométrico y aplica el método de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). Los resultados indican que El Salvador presenta una mayor estabilidad en los precios; sin embargo, su PIB per cápita inferior y un índice más alto de valor en importaciones sugieren una fuerte presión relacionada con el costo de los bienes importados. En cuanto a Ecuador, el modelo tiene un poder explicativo elevado, con un R² de 0. 7808, lo que señala que cerca del 78% de la variabilidad en el poder adquisitivo está relacionada con las variables analizadas, mientras que, para El Salvador, el R² es de 0. 6638, lo que indica una capacidad explicativa de alrededor del 66%. En síntesis, la conexión entre el poder adquisitivo y la inflación en economías que utilizan el dólar se distingue por un delicado balance entre la estabilidad de precios y la vulnerabilidad inherente.

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Biografía del autor/a

Maily Betsabe Orellana Baraja, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo

Estefania Gissela Pallo Ushco, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo

Jenniffer Sofia Solorzano Mendoza, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo

Cindy Alexandra Solorzano Mendoza, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo

Rosa Mayra Llerena Guevara, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo

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2025-10-04

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Orellana Baraja, M. B., Pallo Ushco, E. G., Solorzano Mendoza, J. S., Solorzano Mendoza, C. A., & Llerena Guevara, R. M. (2025). Poder adquisitivo frente a la inflación: Un análisis comparativo entre Ecuador y El Salvador en contextos de dolarización: Purchasing power versus inflation: A comparative analysis between Ecuador and El Salvador in dollarization contexts. LATAM Revista Latinoamericana De Ciencias Sociales Y Humanidades, 6(5), 626 – 648. https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i5.4625

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Ciencias administrativas, contables y económicas

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