Poder adquisitivo frente a la inflación: Un análisis comparativo entre Ecuador y El Salvador en contextos de dolarización
Purchasing power versus inflation: A comparative analysis between Ecuador and El Salvador in dollarization contexts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v6i5.4625Palabras clave:
poder adquisitivo, inflación, dolarizaciónResumen
Las economías dolarizadas, como las de Ecuador y El Salvador, son particularmente interesantes, ya que la adopción de esta moneda limita la posibilidad de llevar a cabo políticas monetarias propias que ayuden a regular los precios y a enfrentar crisis externas. En este contexto, el estudio tiene como objetivo comparar el impacto de la inflación, el PIB per cápita y los precios de importaciones al poder adquisitivo en Ecuador y El Salvador durante el periodo de 2000 a 2023. La investigación adopta un enfoque econométrico y aplica el método de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). Los resultados indican que El Salvador presenta una mayor estabilidad en los precios; sin embargo, su PIB per cápita inferior y un índice más alto de valor en importaciones sugieren una fuerte presión relacionada con el costo de los bienes importados. En cuanto a Ecuador, el modelo tiene un poder explicativo elevado, con un R² de 0. 7808, lo que señala que cerca del 78% de la variabilidad en el poder adquisitivo está relacionada con las variables analizadas, mientras que, para El Salvador, el R² es de 0. 6638, lo que indica una capacidad explicativa de alrededor del 66%. En síntesis, la conexión entre el poder adquisitivo y la inflación en economías que utilizan el dólar se distingue por un delicado balance entre la estabilidad de precios y la vulnerabilidad inherente.Descargas
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