Desempeño físico y mecánico del concreto con sustitución parcial de agregado fino por polvo de acero reciclado
Physical and mechanical performance of concrete with partial replacement of fine aggregate by recycled steel powder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v7i2.5901Palabras clave:
resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la tracción indirecta, sustitución parcial, de acero reciclado, hormigón recicladoResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el desempeño físico y mecánico de concretos elaborados con sustitución parcial del agregado fino por polvo de acero reciclado, a fin de identificar una dosificación que mejorara sus propiedades sin comprometer su integridad estructural. Se prepararon mezclas con 0 %, 5 %, 10 % y 15 % de sustitución y se ensayaron especímenes cilíndricos para determinar la resistencia a la compresión, la resistencia a la tracción indirecta y la densidad seca aparente a 28 días de curado. Los resultados mostraron que la mezcla con 10 % de sustitución alcanzó el mejor desempeño, con una resistencia a la compresión de 26.77 MPa y una resistencia a la tracción indirecta de 2.16 MPa, superiores a las del concreto de referencia. Asimismo, la densidad seca aumentó a medida que aumentó la incorporación del residuo metálico. En contraste, la sustitución de 15 % presentó indicios de sangrado, menor cohesión y una disminución relativa del desempeño mecánico. Se concluyó que el polvo de acero reciclado puede emplearse como material alternativo en el concreto, siempre que su incorporación se mantenga dentro de un rango de sustitución técnicamente controlado. El estudio aporta evidencia útil para el aprovechamiento de residuos metálicos bajo los criterios de economía circular y de valorización de subproductos industriales.
Descargas
Citas
Abuowda, E., El-Hassan, H., & El-Maaddawy, T. (2024). Synergistic impact of geopolymer binder and recycled coarse aggregates on the performance of concrete masonry units. Cleaner Materials, 14, Article 100272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clema.2024.100272
Abuowda, E., El-Hassan, H., & El-Maaddawy, T. (2025). Evaluating the synergic use of geopolymers and recycled aggregates in masonry wall construction. Journal of Building Engineering, 112, 113684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.113684
Aceros Levinson. (s. f.). Sitio web corporativo. Recuperado el 30 de octubre de 2025, de https://www.aceroslevinson.com.mx
Akhtar, MF, Faraz, A. y Khitab, A. (2025). Transforming concrete with steel slag: exploring the pores’ dual effect for sustainable and high-performance urban construction. Discover Civil Engineering, 2, 81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44290-025-00243-7
Ahmed, S. M., & Kamal, I. (2022). Electrical resistivity and compressive strength of cement mortar based on green magnetite nanoparticles and waste from steel industry. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 17, e01712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01712
American Concrete Institute. (2022). ACI PRC-211.1-22: Selecting proportions for normal-density and high-density concrete—Guide. American Concrete Institute. https://www.concrete.org/Portals/0/Files/PDF/Previews/211.1-22_preview.pdf
Alsheyab, M. A. T. (2022). Recycling construction and demolition waste and its impact on climate change and sustainable development. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 19, 2129–2138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03217-1
ASTM International. (2017). ASTM C496/C496M-17: Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. ASTM International. https://www.astm.org/c0496_c0496m-17.html
ASTM International. (2021). ASTM C39/C39M-21: Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. ASTM International. https://www.astm.org/c0039_c0039m-21.html
ASTM International. (2023). ASTM C138/C138M-23: Standard test method for density (unit weight), yield, and air content (gravimetric) of concrete. ASTM International. https://www.astm.org/c0138_c0138m-17a.html
ASTM International. (2024a). ASTM C33/C33M: Standard specification for concrete aggregates. ASTM International. https://www.astm.org/Standards/c33.htm
ASTM International. (2024b). ASTM C192/C192M-24: Standard practice for making and curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory. ASTM International. https://www.astm.org/Standards/C192.htm
Azhagarsamy, S., Pannirselvam, N., Vanjinathan, J., Premkumar, R., & Vijayakumar, D. (2025). Optimizing mechanical and microstructural properties of concrete with steel slag aggregate using response surface methodology. Results in Engineering, 27, 106885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106885
Bahmani, H., & Mostafaei, H. (2025). Eco-friendly self-compacting concrete incorporating waste marble sludge as fine and coarse aggregate substitute. Buildings, 15(17), 3218. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15173218
Bawab, J., El-Hassan, H., El-Dieb, A., & Khatib, J. (2025). Optimizing carbon sequestration and performance of concrete masonry blocks containing alkaline industrial waste. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 26, 100943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2025.100943
Belebchouche, C., Moussaceb, K., Bensebti, S.-E., Aït-Mokhtar, A., Hammoudi, A., & Czarnecki, S. (2021). Mechanical and microstructural properties of ordinary concrete with high additions of crushed glass. Materials, 14(8), 1872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081872
Benli, A., Bayraktar, O. Y., Köksal, F., & Kaplan, G. (2024). Sustainable use of recycled fine aggregates in steel fiber-reinforced concrete: Fresh, flexural, mechanical and durability characteristics. Journal of Building Engineering, 97, 110745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110745
Cementos Moctezuma. (2023). Hoja técnica del cemento Portland Compuesto CPC 30R. https://www.cmoctezuma.com.mx/
Dafedar, M. M. M., Rao, K. B., Pai, B. H. V., & Bekkeri, G. B. (2024). Evaluation of the engineering properties and sustainability of solid masonry blocks produced with recycled concrete aggregates. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 9, 449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01720-1
Dafedar, M. M., Rao, K. B., Pai, B. H. V., & Bekkeri, G. B. (2025). Viability of using 100% of recycled concrete aggregates for durable solid masonry blocks. Emergent Materials, 8, 6017-6037 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-025-01194-6
Dandaboina, K., Prasad, J. S., & Sohail, S. (2025). Mechanical and microstructural properties of concrete with partial replacement of fine aggregate by steel slag and cement by GGBFS and metakaolin. Discover Civil Engineering, 2(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44290-025-00180-5
Douidi, O., Tafraoui, A., Serna, P., Makani, A., & Ferrara, L. (2026). Exploring the feasibility of using recycled fines from diverse sources as partial cement substitutes in high-performance cementitious materials. Results in Engineering, 29, 108506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108506.
El-Aidy, K. E., Ellithy, M., Mahmoud, M. H., & El-Shafiey, T. F. (2024). Mechanical and physical properties of eco-friendly recycled plastic concrete (RPC). Journal of Building Engineering, 97, 110907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110907
Ferro Industria. (s. f.). Sitio web corporativo. Recuperado el 30 de octubre de 2025, de https://www.ferroindustria.com
Gillani, S. T. A., Hu, K., Tariq, J., Chen, D., & Zhang, W. (2025). From waste to resource: an in-depth analysis of environmental sustainability in concrete masonry utilizing recycled components. Construction and Building Materials, 489, 142287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142287
Hu, K., Gillani, S. T. A., Tao, X., Tariq, J., & Chen, D. (2025). Eco-friendly construction: Integrating demolition waste into concrete masonry blocks for sustainable development. Construction and Building Materials, 460, Article 139797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139797
Jahami, A., Younes, H., & Khatib, J. (2023). Enhancing reinforced concrete beams: investigating steel dust as a cement substitute. Infrastructures, 8(11), 157. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures8110157
Jain, B., & Sancheti, G. (2023). Influence of silica fume and iron dust on mechanical properties of concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 409, Article 133910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133910
Jameel, M., Suteerasak, T., Chumpol, P., Puttiwongrak, A., Sae-Long, W., & Sukontasukkul, P. (2025). Properties of one-part geopolymer pedestrian blocks made using 100% waste materials. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 22, e04538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04538
Khan, A., Luqman, M., Jun, X., Ullah, M. F., Alzlfawi, A., Ahmad, M., & Toth, Z. (2025). Effect of steel slag as fine aggregate on the mechanical and durability performance of concrete under acid exposure. Scientific Reports, 15, 40966 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-24715-z
Krishnan, S., Bhagavatula, S.G.K., Karingamanna, J. & Madhavan, M.K. (2025). An experimental investigation into the performance of concrete and mortar with partial replacement of fine aggregate by printed circuit board (PCB) e-waste. Recycling, 10(4), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10040138
Kumar, P., & Shukla, S. (2023). Utilization of steel slag waste as construction material: A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 78, 145–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.01.015
Kuoribo, E., Shokry, H., & Mahmoud, H. (2024). Attaining material circularity in recycled construction waste to produce sustainable concrete blocks for residential building applications. Journal of Building Engineering, 96, Article 110503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.110503
Langier, B., & Major, I. (2025). Research on selected properties of concrete composite with the addition of post-production metallic dust. Materials, 18(22), 5197. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18225197
Mardani, A., Şahin, H. G., Kaya, Y., Mardani, N., Assaad, J. J., & El-Hassan, H. (2025). Enhancing the strength and durability of recycled fine aggregate mixtures using steel fibers, silica fume, and latex polymers. Developments in the Built Environment, 21, 100599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100599
Peisino, L. E., Barbero-Barrera, M. del M., Barrio García-Castro, C., Kreiker, J., & Gaggino, R. (2024). Assessment of the mechanical and physical characteristics of PET bricks with different aggregates. Journal of Environmental Management, 357, 120720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120720
Raghavendra, H. N., Ujwal, M. S., Shiva Kumar, G., Sanjeev, T. P., Raghavendra Prajwal, H. S., Ajith, B. V., & Pandit, P. (2025). Evaluating the role of steel mill scale in self-compacting concrete as partial fine aggregate replacement: experimental and modelling insights. Cleaner Waste Systems, 12, 100360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100360
Rashid, K., Yazdanbakhsh, A., & Rehman, M. U. (2019). Sustainable selection of the concrete incorporating recycled tire aggregate to be used as a medium to low strength material. Journal of Cleaner Production, 224, 396–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.197
Sarı, F. A., Öztürk, İ. Ş., Gönen, T., & Emiroğlu, M. (2025). Evaluation of waste metallic powder as fine aggregate replacement in roller compacted concrete: impact on physical and mechanical properties. Construction and Building Materials, 468, 140386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140386
Velumani, P., & Manikandan, P. (2021). Steel mill scale waste and granite powder waste in concrete production—an experimental study. Materials Today: Proceedings, 37(Part 2), 1748–1752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.358
Villalobos Pasapera, M. E. (2018). Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas del concreto adicionando limaduras de acero [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Señor de Sipán]. Repositorio Institucional USS. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12802/4926
Zia, A., Zhang, P., Holly, I., & Prokop, J. (2023). Sustainability enhancement through high-dose recycled tire steel fibers in concrete: Experimental insights and practical applications. Sustainability, 15(22), 15760. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215760
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Erik Daniel Oaxaca Valdez, Humberto Iván Navarro Gómez, Eber Pérez Isidro, Omar Caballero Garatachea, Israel López Rivero
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
